導讀化妝品的英文是'Cosmetics化妝品由衍生自天然來源或合成產生的化合物的混合物構成。設計用于護膚的化妝品可用于清潔，去角質和保護皮膚，以及使用清潔劑，爽....

化妝品的英文是Cosmetics

化妝品由衍生自天然來源或合成產生的化合物的混合物構成。設計用于護膚的化妝品可用于清潔，去角質和保護皮膚，以及使用清潔劑，爽膚水，血清，保濕劑和香膏來補充它;設計用于更多一般個人護理的化妝品，如洗發水和沐浴露，可用于清潔身體;化妝品旨在增強一個人的外觀（化妝）可用于隱藏瑕疵，增強一個人的天然特征（如眉毛和睫毛），將顏色添加到一個人的臉部，并且在用于表演的更極端形式的化妝品的情況下，時裝秀和服裝中的人，可以用來完全改變面部的外觀，以類似于不同的人，生物或物體。化妝品也可以設計為對身體添加香味。

Cosmetics are constituted from a mixture of chemical compounds derived from either natural sources or synthetically created ones. Cosmetics designed for skin care can be used to cleanse, exfoliate and protect the skin, as well as replenishing it, through the use of cleansers, toners, serums, moisturizers, and balms; cosmetics designed for more general personal care, such as shampoo and body wash, can be used to cleanse the body; cosmetics designed to enhance ones appearance (makeup) can be used to conceal blemishes, enhance ones natural features (such as the eyebrows and eyelashes), add color to a persons face and, in the case of more extreme forms of makeup used for performances, fashion shows and people in costume, can be used to change the appearance of the face entirely to resemble a different person, creature or object. Cosmetics can also be designed to add fragrance to the body.

雖然大多數國家的化妝品的法律定義更廣泛，但在一些西方國家，化妝品通常僅用于唇膏，睫毛膏，眼影，基礎，腮紅，熒光筆，古銅色化妝品和其他幾種產品類型。在美國，調節化妝品的食品和藥物管理局（FDA），將化妝品定義為產品“旨在應用于人體進行清潔，美化，促進吸引力，或改變外觀而不會影響身體的情況結構或功能“。這種廣泛的定義包括任何用于用作化妝品成分的材料，FDA專門從該類別中排除純肥皂。

Though the legal definition of cosmetics in most countries is broader, in some Western countries, cosmetics are commonly taken to mean only makeup products, such as lipstick, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, blush, highlighter, bronzer, and several other product types. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as products "intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the bodys structure or functions". This broad definition includes any material intended for use as an ingredient of a cosmetic product, with the FDA specifically excluding pure soap from this category.

類型

雖然用于各種不同的目的使用的大量不同的化妝品，但所有化妝品通常旨在在外部應用。這些產品可以應用于面部（在皮膚，嘴唇，眉毛和眼睛上），身體（在皮膚上，特別是手和指甲），以及頭發。這些產品可能旨在用作護膚，個人護理或改變外觀，其中包括化妝品的化妝品，主要是指含有彩色顏料的產品，用于改變穿著者的外觀; 一些制造商將僅區分旨在改變外觀和“護理”化妝品的“裝飾性”化妝品，這些化妝品設計用于護膚和個人護理。

Types

Though there are a large number of differing cosmetics used for a variety of different purposes, all cosmetics are typically intended to be applied externally. These products can be applied to the face (on the skin, lips, eyebrows and eyes), to the body (on the skin, in particular the hands and nails), and to the hair. These products may be intended for use as skincare, personal care or to alter the appearance, with the subset of cosmetics known as makeup primarily referring to products containing colour pigments intended for the purpose of altering the wearers appearance; some manufacturers will distinguish only between "decorative" cosmetics intended to alter the appearance and "care" cosmetics designed for skincare and personal care.

大多數化妝品也包括用于應用的身體面積，用化妝品設計用于通常用刷子，化妝海綿或指尖施加的面部和眼部區域。

Most cosmetics are also distinguished by the area of the body intended for application, with cosmetics designed to be used on the face and eye area usually applied with a brush, a makeup sponge, or the fingertips.

裝飾性化妝品

Decorative cosmetics

上妝前在臉上使用底漆，在皮膚上形成典型的透明光滑層，使化妝品能夠順利均勻地涂抹。一些底漆也可以著色，這種色調可以與佩戴者的膚色相匹配，或者可以對其進行顏色校正，使用綠色、橙色和紫色來均勻佩戴者的膚色并分別校正紅色、紫色陰影或橙色變色。

Primers

are used on the face before makeup is applied, creating a typically transparent, smooth layer over the top of the skin, allowing for makeup to be applied smoothly and evenly. Some primers may also be tinted, and this tint may match the wearers skin tone, or may colour correct it, using greens, oranges and purples to even out the wearers skin tone and correct redness, purple shadows or orange discolouration respectively.

Liquid concealer(液體遮瑕膏)

遮瑕膏是一種乳霜或液體產品，用于遮蓋皮膚的痕跡或瑕疵。遮瑕膏通常是用戶膚色的顏色，通常在面部打底后涂抹，以在涂抹粉底之前均勻膚色。遮瑕膏通常比粉底或有色底漆著色更重，覆蓋度更高，更厚。雖然遮瑕膏在色素和稠度方面通常比粉底更重，但有許多不同的配方適用于不同的使用風格 - 例如用于眼睛的較輕的遮瑕膏和用于舞臺化妝的較重的遮瑕膏 - 以及色彩校正遮瑕膏旨在平衡皮膚的變色。

Concealer

is a cream or liquid product used to conceal marks or blemishes of the skin. Concealer is typically the colour of the users skin tone, and is generally applied after the face has been primed to even out the wearers skin tone before foundation can be applied. Concealer is usually more heavily pigmented, higher coverage and thicker than foundation or tinted primers. Though concealer is often more heavy duty in terms of pigment and consistency than foundation, a number of different formulations intended for different styles of use - such as a lighter concealer for the eyes and a heavier concealer for stage makeup - are available, as well as colour correcting concealers intended to balance out discolouration of the skin specifically.

Thick, unblended foundation

on skin(粘稠,未混合的粉底在皮膚上)

粉底是一種霜狀、液體、摩絲或粉狀產品，可涂抹于整個面部，為用戶的膚色打造光滑均勻的底妝。粉底提供的覆蓋量通常低于遮瑕膏，并且以可以為皮膚提供透明、啞光、水潤或全面覆蓋的配方出售。

Foundation

is a cream, liquid, mousse or powder product applied to the entirety of the face to create a smooth and even base in the users skin tone. Foundation provides a generally lower amount of coverage than concealer, and is sold in formulations that can provide sheer, matte, dewy or full coverage to the skin.

A rouge compact with a mirror and brush(

帶鏡子和刷子的胭脂粉餅)

胭脂、腮紅或腮紅是一種涂抹在臉頰中央的液體、乳霜或粉狀產品，旨在增加或增強其自然色彩。腮紅通常有粉紅色或暖棕褐色和棕色，也可用于使顴骨看起來更清晰。

Rouge, blush, or blusher

is a liquid, cream or powder product applied to the centre of the cheeks with the intention of adding or enhancing their natural colour. Blushers are typically available in shades of pink or warm tan and brown, and may also be used to make the cheekbones appear more defined.

古銅色化妝品是一種粉末、乳霜或液體產品，可為皮膚增添色彩，通常采用古銅色或棕褐色色調，旨在賦予皮膚曬黑的外觀并增強面部顏色。古銅色與熒光筆一樣，也可能含有提供微光或閃光效果的物質， 并且有啞光、半啞光、緞面或微光飾面。

Bronzer

is a powder, cream or liquid product that adds colour to the skin, typically in bronze or tan shades intended to give the skin a tanned appearance and enhance the colour of the face. Bronzer, like highlighter, may also contain substances providing a shimmer or glitter effect, and comes in either matte, semi-matte, satin, or shimmer finishes.

This person is wearing highlighter on their cheekbones

and their outer browbone, beneath the eyebrow

此人在顴骨和眉骨下方，眉毛下方涂有熒光筆

熒光粉是一種液體、乳霜或粉末產品，適用于面部的高處，如眉毛、鼻子和顴骨。熒光筆通常添加物質，提供微光或閃光效果。或者，可以使用較淺色調的粉底或遮瑕膏作為熒光粉。

Highlighter

is a liquid, cream or powder product applied to the high points of the face such as the eyebrows, nose and cheekbones. Highlighter commonly has substances added providing a shimmer or glitter effect. Alternatively, a lighter toned foundation or concealer can be used as a highlighter.

眉筆、膏霜、蠟、凝膠和粉末用于著色、填充和定義眉毛。眉毛染色處理也用于將眉毛暫時或永久染成較深的顏色，而不會使眉毛下方的皮膚染色和著色。

Eyebrow pencils, creams, waxes, gels, and powders

are used to color, fill in, and define the brows. Eyebrow tinting treatments are also used to dye the eyebrow hairs a darker colour, either temporarily or permanently, without staining and colouring the skin underneath the eyebrows.

An eye shadow palette with a wide variety of colors.

具有多種顏色的眼影調色板。

眼影是一種粉末、乳霜或液體著色產品，用于引起人們對眼睛周圍、眼瞼和眉毛下方空間的注意、強調和改變形狀。眼影通常使用眼影刷涂抹，刷毛通常小而圓，但液體和乳霜配方也可以用手指涂抹。眼影幾乎有所有顏色可供選擇，并以多種不同飾面出售，從具有透明覆蓋的啞光飾面到光澤、閃亮、閃光和高度著色的飾面。許多不同顏色和飾面的眼影可以組合成一種外觀并混合在一起以達到不同的效果。

紫色眼影旨在營造深度錯覺并吸引人們對眼睛的注意。

Eyeshadow

is a powder, cream or liquid pigmented product used to draw attention to, accentuate and change the shape of the area around the eyes, on the eyelid and the space below the eyebrows. Eyeshadow is typically applied using an eyeshadow brush, with generally small and rounded bristles, though liquid and cream formulations may also be applied with the fingers. Eyeshadow is available in almost every colour, as well as being sold in a number of different finishes, ranging from matte finishes with sheer coverage to glossy, shimmery, glittery and highly pigmented finishes. Many different colours and finishes of eyeshadow may be combined in one look and blended together to achieve different effects.

Dark teal eye liner along the rim of the eye

(沿眼緣畫上深青色眼線)

眼線筆

用于增強和拉長眼睛的表觀大小或深度；雖然眼線筆通常是黑色的，但它可以有許多不同的顏色，包括棕色、白色和藍色。眼線筆可以是鉛筆、凝膠或液體的形式。

eyeliner

is used to enhance and elongate the apparent size or depth of the eye; though eyeliner is commonly black, it can come in many different colours, including brown, white and blue. Eyeliner can come in the form of a pencil, a gel or a liquid.

False eyelash packages

假睫毛用于延長、夸大和增加睫毛的體積。假睫毛通常由一條小條帶組成，上面附著人的、水貂的或合成的頭發，通常使用膠水將假睫毛涂在睫毛線上，膠水可以是乳膠和不含乳膠的品種；也可使用磁性假睫毛，在涂上磁性眼線后貼在眼瞼上。設計的長度和顏色各不相同，水鉆、寶石、羽毛和蕾絲可用作假睫毛設計。假睫毛不是永久性的，可以用手指輕松取下。睫毛擴展是實現這種外觀的更持久的方式。每套持續兩到三周，然后可以填充，類似于亞克力指甲的保養。要申請延長，認證的睫毛藝術家將首先用膠帶粘住底部的睫毛。然后睫毛師會使用兩把鑷子，一把用來隔離自然睫毛，一把用來貼假睫毛。使用專門用于此過程的睫毛膠將一根假睫毛或睫毛扇涂在一根天然睫毛上。睫毛不應該粘在一起。假睫毛的長度和厚度對于自然睫毛來說不應太重。如果此過程正確完成，則不會對天然睫毛造成傷害。

False eyelashes

are used to extend, exaggerate and add volume to the eyelashes. Consisting generally of a small strip to which hair - either human, mink or synthetic - is attached, false eyelashes are typically applied to the lash line using glue, which can come in latex and latex free varieties; magnetic false eyelashes, which attach to the eyelid after magnetic eyeliner is applied, are also available. Designs vary in length and colour, with rhinestones, gems, feathers and lace available as false eyelash designs. False eyelashes are not permanent, and can be easily taken off with the fingers. Eyelash extensions are a more permanent way to achieve this look. Each set lasts for two to three weeks, then the set can be filled, similar to the maintenance of acrylic nails. To apply to extensions the certified lash artist would start by taping down the bottom eyelashes. The lash artist would then use two tweezers, one to isolate the natural eyelash and one to apply the false eyelash. An individual false eyelash, or lash fan, is applied to one natural eyelash using a lash glue specific for this process. The eyelashes should not be stuck together. The length and thickness of the false lash should not be to heavy for the natural eyelash. If this process is done correctly no harm will be done to the natural eyelashes.

A mascara tube and a wand applicator

(睫毛膏管和魔杖涂抹器)

睫毛膏用于通過使用帶有螺旋毛睫毛膏刷的典型濃稠膏狀產品來使睫毛變暗、變長、變濃或增強睫毛。睫毛膏通常是黑色、棕色或透明的，但也有多種不同的顏色可供選擇，其中一些含有閃光。睫毛膏通常以多種不同的配方進行廣告和銷售，這些配方宣傳諸如防水、增強體積、增強長度和增強卷曲等品質，并且可以與睫毛夾結合使用以增強睫毛的自然卷曲度。

Mascara being applied.

Mascara

is used to darken, lengthen, thicken, or enhance the eyelashes through the use of a typically thick, cream consistency product applied with a spiral bristle mascara brush. Mascara is commonly black, brown or clear, though a number of different colours, some containing glitter, are available. Mascara is typically advertised and sold in a number of different formulations that advertise qualities such as waterproofing, volume enhancement, length enhancement and curl enhancement, and may be used in combination with an eyelash curler to enhance the natural curl of the eyelashes.

Metal singer Marilyn Manson helped popularize dark lipsticks in alternative subcultures.金屬歌手瑪麗蓮·曼森 (Marilyn Manson) 幫助在另類亞文化中普及了深色唇膏.

Lip gloss being applied with a retractable lip brush.

唇部產品，包括口紅、唇彩、唇線筆和潤唇膏。唇部產品通常會為雙唇增添色彩和質地，同時還能滋潤雙唇并勾勒出唇部的外緣。為雙唇增添色彩和質感的產品，如唇膏和唇彩，通常有多種顏色，以及許多不同的飾面，如啞光飾面和緞面或光澤飾面。其他類型的唇彩產品，例如唇彩，會用染料暫時浸透雙唇，通常不會改變雙唇的質地。唇彩產品和唇線筆都可以防水，可以直接涂抹在嘴唇上，用刷子或用手指。潤唇膏雖然旨在滋潤和保護雙唇（例如通過添加紫外線防護），但也可能會使雙唇著色。

Lip liner

A child with lipstick

Lip products, including lipstick, lip gloss, lip liner and lip balms.

Lip products commonly add colour and texture to the lips, as well as serving to moisturise the lips and define their external edges. Products adding colour and texture to the lips, such as lipsticks and lip glosses, often come in a wide range of colours, as well as a number of different finishes, such as matte finishes and satin or glossy finishes. Other styles of lip colouration products such as lip stains temporarily saturate the lips with a dye, and typically do not alter the texture of the lips. Both lip colour products and lip liners may be waterproof, and may be applied directly to the lips, with a brush, or with the fingers. Lip balms, though designed to moisturise and protect the lips (such as through the addition of UV protection) may also tint the lips.

An advertisement for Max Factors Creme Puff face powder from 1954

1954 年 Max Factor Creme Puff 粉餅的廣告

蜜粉、定妝粉或定妝噴霧用于“定型”粉底或遮瑕膏，賦予其啞光或一致的妝效，同時還能隱藏小瑕疵或瑕疵。粉末和定型噴霧都聲稱可以防止化妝品被皮膚吸收或融化。雖然定型噴霧通常不著色，但定型粉和蜜粉有半透明或有色兩種，可用于烘烤粉底，使其在臉上停留更長時間。有色粉餅也可以單獨使用而無需粉底或遮瑕膏，以提供極其透明的覆蓋基礎。

Loose face powder in three different shades(

三種不同色調的散粉)

Face powder,

setting powder or setting sprays are used to set foundation or concealer, giving it a matte or consistent finish whilst also concealing small flaws or blemishes. Both powders and setting sprays claim to keep makeup from absorbing into the skin or melting off. Whilst setting sprays are generally not tinted, setting powder and face powder can come in translucent or tinted varieties, and can be used to bake foundation in order for it to stay longer on the face. Tinted face powders may also be worn alone without foundation or concealer to give an extremely sheer coverage base.

The safety of nail polish was examined in the fall 2014 issue of Ms. magazine.

(《女士》雜志2014年秋季刊考察了指甲油的安全性)

指甲油是一種用于為指甲和腳趾甲著色的液體。透明、無色的指甲油可用于強化指甲或用作面漆或底漆以保護指甲或指甲油。指甲油和眼影一樣，幾乎有所有顏色和多種不同飾面，包括啞光、微光、亮光和裂紋飾面。

Nail polish

is a liquid used to colour the fingernails and toenails. Transparent, colorless nail polishes may be used to strengthen nails or be used as a top or base coat to protect the nail or nail polish. Nail polish, like eyeshadow, is available in almost every colour and a number of different finishes, including matte, shimmer, glossy and crackle finishes.

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