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英語近義詞的差異(英文意思相近用法卻不同的近義詞匯總)

發(fā)布時間:2024-01-22閱讀(7)

導讀英文中有很多常用短語意義相近卻不相同,常常出現(xiàn)在考試中,一不小心就會選錯或用錯,今天老師就為大家總結了用法不同的近義詞/詞組,這也是英文學習的重點,希望大家....

英文中有很多常用短語意義相近卻不相同,常常出現(xiàn)在考試中,一不小心就會選錯或用錯,今天老師就為大家總結了用法不同的近義詞/詞組,這也是英文學習的重點,希望大家可以在學習中理解、對比記憶在考試中千萬不要用錯,我來為大家科普一下關于英語近義詞的差異?下面希望有你要的答案,我們一起來看看吧!

英語近義詞的差異(英文意思相近用法卻不同的近義詞匯總)

英語近義詞的差異

英文中有很多常用短語意義相近卻不相同,常常出現(xiàn)在考試中,一不小心就會選錯或用錯,今天老師就為大家總結了用法不同的近義詞/詞組,這也是英文學習的重點,希望大家可以在學習中理解、對比記憶在考試中千萬不要用錯!

1

happen , take place

二者都有“發(fā)生”的意思。

happen指事情的發(fā)生,往往帶有"偶然"的意思。

It happens that I am free today. 恰好今天我沒有事。

take place指事先安排或策劃好而后發(fā)生,沒有"偶然"的意思。

2

must, have to

must表示說話人的主觀看法;而have to則表示客觀需要。mustn t意為“不可以;不允許”;don t have to意為“不必”。如:

(1)My father had to work when he was ten years old.

(2)The play is not interesting. I really must go now.

arrive , reach , get to

t to

三者都有“到達”之意。

reach為及物動詞。They reached Tianjin yesterday.

昨天他們到達天津。

arrive為不及物動詞,后面接介詞in或at。

get to常用于口語,可代替前二

because , because of

because of

二者均表示“因為”

because是連詞,引導狀語從句。

We stayed at home because it rained.

因為下雨,我們呆在家。

because of是短語介詞,后面接名詞性詞語。

We stayed at home because of the rain .

因為下雨

in front of, in the front o

in the front of

t of

in front of…意思是"在……前面",指甲物在乙物之前,兩者互不包括;其反義詞是behind(在……的后面)。

如:He walked in fount of me.

他走在我的前面。

There are some flowers in fount of the house.

房子前面有些花卉。

in the front of 意思是"在某一空間內的前部",即甲物在乙物的范圍之內;其反義詞是at the back of…(在……范圍內的后部)。

如:There is a big desk and a blackboard in the fount of our classroom.

我們的教室前邊有一張大桌子和一塊黑板。

Our teacher stands in the fount of the classroom.

我們的老師站在教室前。

6

look , see , watch

三者都有“看”的意思。

look是看的過程。

I looked , but saw nothing . 我看了,但什么也沒看見。

see是看的結果。

see a film看電影

see a play看戲(話劇)

watch是看移動的事物或定晴地看。

watch a football match看足球比賽。

sometime; sometimes; some time; some

ome time; some times

ome times

sometime是副詞,可與過去時或將來時連用,表示"(在過去)某個時候"或"(在將來)某個時候"。

如:I saw him sometime in May。

some time多數(shù)情況下作名詞短語,意為"一些時間;一些時候";它還可以作副詞詞組,用來表示一個未肯定的時刻,此時它可與sometime互換。

如:I ll be away for some time.

sometimes是一個表示時間頻率的副詞,意為"有時候"。

如:Sometimes I help my mother with the housework.

some times是"幾次、幾倍"之意。

如:They have been th

how long, how often, how fa

w often, how far, how soo

far, how soon

soon

how long意為"多久、多長時間",主要是對一段時間進行提問,答語通常是(for)three days/weeks/months等時間段,它可用于各種時態(tài)。

How long do you stay in Beijing every year?

每年你在北京住多久?

how often意為"多久……次、是否經常",用來提問在某一特定的時間進行某個動作的次數(shù),答語通常是always,usually,often,sometimes,once/twice a day/month等。

How often do you get to school very early?

你多久早到校一次?

how far意為"多遠",對距離提問時用。How far is that? 那有多遠?

how soon意為"還要多久",是對從某個基本時間到將來某動作結束或某動作發(fā)生這段時間提問,常用在一般將來時態(tài)的句子中,其答語通常是"in 一段時間"。

-How soon can you finish the work? 還要多久你能完成這項工作?

agree with,agre

agree with,agree to,ag

h,agree to,agree on

,agree on

兩者都有“同意”、“贊成”的意思。

agree with 后面常接表示人或意見(看法)的名詞作賓語。agree with 還有“適合”、“符合”的含義。如:The climate here doesn t agree with him.他不適合這里的氣候。

agree to 后面一般接表示提議、辦法、計劃之類

across , cross, cr

oss , cross, crossing, th

crossing, through, pas

through, past

past

1)cross 意為“橫過, 穿過”為動詞,相當于walk(go,run)across

Look both ways before you cross the road。

(2)across意為“橫過,穿過”為介詞,不作動詞,不能作謂語,常放在動詞之后,如:go across

He walked across the field。

(3)through 是介詞,含有“從…中間穿越”之意,表示四周含有物體的穿越。

The ball went through the window。

(4)past既可作形容詞也可作副詞,做副詞時有:“穿過,越過”之意。

Will you be going past my house on your way home?

(5)crossing意為“渡口,人行橫道,(鐵路與公路的)交叉點。

All the cars should

on,in,with

on,in,with

on,in,with

on,in,with

n,in,with

(1)on:表示使用通訊工具、信息或傳媒,乘坐交通工具等;

I don t want to talk about it on the phone.

(2)in:使用語言文字等媒介;

Can you speak it in English?

(3)with:借助具體的手

at,on,in

at,on,in

at,on,in

at,on,in

at,on,in

n,in

at, on, in三者都可以表示"在……的時候"。

(1)at:表示在哪個時刻用;表示時間點。

I get up at six o clock in the morning . 我早晨六點起床。

(2)On:表示在哪一天,哪一天的早上(下午、晚上);

on Wednesday , on Sunday morning , on May I , on a cold morning in 1936

(3)in:表示在哪一年(季、月),在上午,下午等。

in Sep

few, a few; li

few, a fe

few, a few; l

few, a few; little , a

ew; little , a little

a little

雖然都表示“少”,但

·few, a few是可數(shù)的, little, a little是不可數(shù)的。

·a few, a little含肯定意味,few, little含否定意味。

(1) They have a little ink, don t they?

他們有一點墨水,是嗎?

(2)They have little ink, do they?

他們幾乎沒有墨水,是嗎?

(3)She has a few Chinese friends, doesn t she?

他有幾位中國朋友,是嗎?

(4)She has few Chinese friends, does she?

not … until, unti

not … unt

not … until,

not … until,

not … until, unti

… until, until

ntil

not … until 直到…才… (主句動詞是短暫性動詞)

(1)He didn t go to bed until his mother came back.until 一直到… (主句中使用延續(xù)性動詞)

(2)I study hard until it is midnight every day.

15. spend, pay, cost, take

(1)Sb. Spend … on sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)在某事上。

I spend ten yuan on the book.

(2)spend (in) doing sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)做某事。

She spent two hours in drawing the house.

(3)Sb. pay …for …sth. 某人為某物花了…錢。

I paid 50 yuan for the clothes。

(4)Sth. cost sb. … 某物花了某人…錢。

It cost us five dollars。

(5)It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(時間、金錢)做某事。

too much, too man

too much,

too much, too ma

too much, to

too much, too many, mu

too many, much too

much too

too much 不可數(shù)名詞 too many 可數(shù)名詞 much too 形容詞、副詞

(1)There is too much milk in the basket.

(2) She ate too many biscuits yesterday morning.

(3) He run

after , in

i

after , i

after , in

after , in

after , in

after , in

after , in

, in

(1)After 時間段 表達過去一段時間以后,常用于過去時態(tài)的句子;

I received the letter after two days .

我是兩天以后收到這封信的。

(2)After 時間點 表示將來一段時間以后,用于將來時態(tài)的句子。

He will arrive after four o clock.

(3)in 時間段 以現(xiàn)在為起點,表示將來一段時間以后,常用于將來時態(tài)的

ago , before

ago , bef

ago , before

ago , before

ago , before

ago , bef

ago , before

, before

(1)ago立足于現(xiàn)在,表示從現(xiàn)在起,若干時間之前;ago 通常與一般過去時連用,不能與完成時連用;

I met him three years ago 。(距今)三年前,我遇到他。

(2)before立足過去,表示從過去某一時刻起,若干時間以前。bef

alone, lonely

alone, lon

alone, lonely

alone, lonel

alone, lonely

alone,

alone, lon

alone, lonely

nely

alone是表語形容詞,只能作表語用。

Though I am alone, I am not lonely.雖然我孤獨一人,但我并不感到寂寞。

lonely除了有"孤獨的"意思外,還有"寂寞的"意思。另外說

also , either ,

also , eith

also , either ,

also , either

also , either , too

also , either ,

either , too , a

, too , as well

, as well

also用于肯定句. You study English and I also study it。

你學英語,我也學。

either用于否定句,并放在句尾;

You don t study English and I don t study it either。

你不學英語,我也不學。

too和as well 用于肯定句,放在句尾,多用于口語。

例如:

You are a student and I am a

as,when,while

as,when,whi

as,when,while

as,when,while

as,when,while

s

as,when,w

as,when

as,when,wh

as,when,while

hile

When:可與一個點的時間或表示一段的時間連用,從句動詞可以是短暫性或延續(xù)性動詞。從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時,也同先于主句的動作。

When the teacher came in,the students stood up.

當老師進來時,學生們起立。

While:只指一段時間,不能指一點時間。因此while從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。表示一段較長的時間或一個過程,主句和從句的動

begin,start

begin,start

begin,start

begin,start

begin,start

和從句

begin,start

begin,star

begin,star

begin,start

gin,start

二者均可表示“開始”

一般可以通用,但start較為口語化。

It has begun(started) raining.已經開始下雨了。

start還可表示“動身”、“開動”等意思,而begin則不能這樣用。例如:

They start for Beijing tomorrow。他們明天動身去北京。

23

date,day

date指"日期"。What sthedatetoday?今天幾號?

day指"星期幾",指二十四小時的一整天;也單指白天;也指重

besides,except,

besides,exc

besides,except,

besides,excep

besides,except,excep

besides,exc

besides,except,ex

s,except,exceptfor

,exceptfor,but“除……之外

for,but“除……之外”

…之外”

besides的意思是"除…之外,還有…"是肯定的;包括,besides后面的賓語在內,含有"加上"的意思。

Ihavethreeotherpensbesidesthis。

除了這支筆外,我還有另外三支筆。

except(but)的意思是"除……之外,沒有…"是否定的;不包括except后的賓語在內,含有"減去"的意思。

but用于"除了"之意時,只能用于noone,nobody,nothing,all,everyone,everything等詞之后。

Every body is here except(but) Mary.

除了Mary之外,大家都來了。

except for的用法是在說明基本情況后,而在細節(jié)上加以糾正。except for有時可以與except互換,表示"除了……之外",但位于句首時,不可以和except互換。例如:

Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.除了有幾個拼寫錯誤之外,你的作文很好。

besides意為"

bring,take,fetc

bring,take,

bring,take,fetc

bring,take,fe

bring,take,fetch

bring,take,

bring,take,

bring,take

bring,take,fe

bring,take,fetch

ake,fetch

bring是"帶來"。

例如:Don t forget to bring adictionary with you.

別忘了把辭典帶來。

take是"帶去"。

例如:Please take the sma

borrow,lend

borrow,lend

borrow,lend

borrow,lend

borrow,lend

取",

borrow,lend

borrow,lend

borrow,len

borrow,lend

borrow,lend

borrow,lend

lend

二者都有"借"的意

finally,at last

finally,at

finally,at last

finally,at la

finally,at last,in t

finally,at

finally,at

finally,at

finally,at la

finally,at last,in t

,at last,in the end

n the end

它們都有"最后"、"終于"的含義。但用法不同。

finally用于動詞之前,表示人們長期以來期待的某事最后實現(xiàn)了。

He tried many times and finally succeeded.

他試驗了多次,最后成功了。

at last也有此義,但期待的感情更強烈一些。

At last he has understood it.最后他終于明白了這個。

in the end表示經過許多變化或周折,最后發(fā)生了某事。

例如:We made several diffe

find,look for,f

find,look f

find,look for,f

find,look for

find,look for,find o

find,look f

find,look f

find,look

find,look for

find,look for

find,look for,find ou

k for,find out

out

二者都有“尋找”的意思。

find是look for的結果。

What are you looking for?你在找什么?

loo

join,take part

join,take p

join,take part

join,take par

join,take part in,jo

join,take p

join,take p

join,take

join,take par

join,take

join,take part in,j

ake part in,join in

n,join in

二者都有“參加”的意思。

join多指參加某組織、黨派或社會團體,成為其中的一個成員。

He joined the League in1985.他在1985年入團。

joinin參加正在進行的競賽、娛樂、談話等活動

dress , have st

dress , hav

dress , have st

dress , have

dress , have sth. on

dress , hav

dress , hav

dress , ha

dress , have

dress , have st

, have sth. on , we

sth. on , wear , put o

wear , put on

t on

它們都有"穿"、"戴"的意思。但用法不同。

have sth. on表示穿戴的狀態(tài)。

He had a straw hat on . 他戴了一頂草帽。

wear表示穿戴的狀態(tài)。

She likes to wear the light green dress .

她喜歡穿淺綠色的衣服。

put on表示穿戴的動作.

You d

take care of, l

take care o

take care of, l

take care of,

take care of, look a

take care o

take care o

take care of,

take care of,

take care

take care of,

take care of, look

care of, look after

ook after

take care意為“注意”,“當心”,“留心”。可以單獨使用,也可以跟不定式或that從句。

Take care!The ice is thin.當心!冰很薄。

take care of意為“照顧”,“照料”,側重于負有責任這一層意思,后面的賓語從句可以是人,也可以是某物,比較口語化。

Please take care

whether,if

這兩個連

whether,if

whether,if

這兩個連

whether,if

這兩

whether,if

這兩個連詞都作“是

whether,if

whether,if

whether,if

這兩

whether,if

這兩

whether,if

whether,if

這兩個連詞都作“是

r,if

這兩個連詞都作“是否”解,引導賓語從句

兩個連詞都作“是否”解,引導賓語從句時,兩者通常可以互換

語從句時,兩者通常可以互換。

以互換。

但在下列幾種情況下,不可用if 代替whether。

1)當whether 與or not連成詞組時。

I don t know whether or not they will come for our help.我不知道他們是否來幫助我們。

2)whether 用在不定式前面時。

either ,either…

either ,eit

either ,either…

either ,eithe

either ,either…or, n

either ,eit

either ,eit

either ,ei

either ,eithe

either ,

either ,either…

either ,either…or, neithe

,either…or, neither, neither

ther, neither…nor,

her…nor,

both …and

either其意為“兩者中的任何一個”。

There are many shops on either side of the street. 街道兩邊有許多商店。

either用在否定句的句末,表示"也"的意思。

If you don t go there, I won t, either.

如果你不去那里,我也不去。

either...or...意為"或者……或者……;不是……就是……"之意。表示兩者之一,連接句子中兩個并列的成分。

either...or...連接兩個主語時,其謂語動詞應與最近的一個主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,這就是我們通常說的"就近原則"。

Either you or I am going there tomorrow.

明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。

neither作主語,表示“兩者中沒有一個”。

Neither of them likes football. 他們倆都不喜歡足球。

neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。其含義是否定的,可連接任意兩個并列的成份。

She likes neither butter nor cheese.

她既不喜歡黃油也不喜歡乳酪。

當neither...nor...連接兩個主語時,也應遵循“就近原則”。例如:

Neither dad nor mum is at home today.

今天父母都不在家。

若將neither...nor...句型變?yōu)榭隙ň洌恍璋裯either...nor...改為both...and...即可,同時謂語動詞必須用復數(shù)形式。

例如:Both dad and mum are at home today.

今天父母都在家。

34

have sb.do,have sb. or sth. doing,have sth. done

have sb.do 作"使某人做某事"解,have 后作賓語補足的不定式通常不帶 to。

have sb./sth.doing 與 have sb.do 的意思大致相同,只是現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補強調動作在進行,而不定式作賓補只表示發(fā)生了某件事。試比較下面兩個句子:

The boss had his workers working all day long.

那老板讓工人們整天(不停地)干活。

The boss had his workers work fourteen hours a day.

那老板讓工人們一天干14小時的活。

在 have sb.or sth.doing 結構中,have 如被否定,往往作“允許”、“容忍”解。

如:I won t have you saying such things.

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hear 和hear of 都可解作“聽說”,

hear 后面接賓語從句。hear 還可作“聽見”,“聽到”解,后面可以接名詞,代詞 不帶to的不定式(或分詞)的復合結構。

I heard him just now.我剛才聽到了他說話。

I heard him singing in the next room.

我聽見他在隔壁房間里唱歌。

hear of后面接名詞,代詞或動名詞。I have heard of him。我聽人提到過他。

hear from意為“收到……的信”,“得到……消息”。

例如:

How often do you hear from your father?

你每隔多久收到你父親的信?

注意:hear from的主語是“人”,而不是“信”。

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